Transnational Indian diaspora engagement and development: The transilient Fiji- Indian diaspora engagement and assimilation in transnational space
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Indian immigrants or ‘girmitiyas’ under British indenture labour system have gradually transformed to Indian Diaspora in transnational space be it from Mauritius, British Guiana, Trinidad, South Africa, Fiji, Jamaica or Suriname. The onset of globalization has stimulated the contemporary diasporic movements and social and economic networking and in turn, a greater diasporic engagement... Cheaper means of communication and growth of mass media and ICT, have contributed much to diaspora movement across border, creating ‘transnational communities’, globally. Today, the diaspora has been emerged as a new resource and an agent of change and development. It has been a major source of remittance, investment, and human and social capital and has been emerging as an alternative development strategy. The role of diaspora in contemporary development of both country of origin and country of residence draws greater attention today than ever before. The ‘girmitiyas’ in Fiji that arrived between 1879-1916 have undergone generational changes, and gradually transformed to distinct Fijian-Indian Diaspora within Fiji and abroad. These ‘transient’ and ‘translient’ migrants, through a ‘double’ and ‘triple’ chain- migration have formed distinct transnational Fijian-Indian diaspora especially in the Pacific- Rim metropolitan countries such as Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and USA. They are deeply engaged in social, cultural and economic development and assimilated in transnational space. Bollywood films have helped binding Indian diaspora especially FijiIndians abroad who have maintained Indian cultural identity in the global space. The perspectives on diaspora engagement and development, and the Fiji-Indian diaspora engagement in transnational space, need to be fully understood. The paper examines the relationships and perspectives on migration-diaspora and development, and it explores the contemporary perspective focusing on Fiji girmitiyas’ transformation to transnational Fijian-Indian diaspora, and the nature of their engagement, and assimilation in transnational space, taking Australasia as a case in point.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".