Effects of p doping on GaAs/AlGaAs SAM-APDs for X-rays detection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract: Avalanche photodiodes based on GaAs/AlGaAs with separated absorption and multiplication \nregions (SAM-APDs) will be discussed in terms of capacitance, response to light (gain \nand noise) and time response. The structures have been fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy \nintroducing a X p layer doped with carbon to separate the multiplication and the absorption regions. \nThe thickness of the latter layer defines the detection efficiency and the time resolution of \nthe structure, which in turn allows tailoring the device for specific scientific applications. Within \nthe multiplication region a periodic modulation of the bandgap is obtained by growing alternating \nnanometric layers of AlGaAs and GaAs with increasing Al content; this staircase structure enables \nthe tuning of the bandgap and subsequently provides a well-defined charge multiplication. The use \nof such staircase hetero-junctions enhances electron multiplication and conversely reduces - at least \nin principle - the impact of the noise associated to hole multiplication, which should result in a decreased \noverall noise, when compared to p-i-n diodes composed by a single material. The first part \nof this paper focuses on the electrical characteristics of the grown structure and on the comparison \nwith the simulated behaviour of such devices. In addition, gain and noise measurements, which \nhave been carried out on these devices by utilizing photons from visible light to hard X-rays, will \nbe discussed and will be compared to the results of a nonlocal history-dependent model specifically \ndeveloped for staircase APDs.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".