Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Saugeen-Bruce peninsula is distinguished by the widespread surface exposure of dolostone and its association with glacialGlacial landformsLandforms and processes. Given that it has formed within late glacial and postglacial times, it is considered as a young karst that is actively expanding. But palaeokarstPalaeokarst forms have also been identified. The Lockport Group carbonates (Early Silurian) are the most significant karst forming rocks on the peninsula. The release of stresses created by over 40 cycles of glacial loading and unloading has led to mechanical separation along major joint surfaces and bedding planes. In addition, the last deglaciation was accompanied by massive flows of sub-glacial meltwater that penetrated these structuralStructural openings. High hydraulic gradients associated with the Niagara EscarpmentNiagara Escarpment have created a holokarstHolokarst zone (13% of the peninsula) where surface channels are largely absent and all precipitation is taken underground via sinkholes and bedrock fractures. Four types of dolostone pavementsDolostone pavements have been identified: intensely pitted littoral zone (type 1), vuggy pavementsPavements on reefal rocks (types 2a and 2b) and pavements on non-reefal rocks (type 3) which have the greatest diversity of karrenKarren forms. FluvïkarstFluvïkarst systems occur throughout the peninsula, with sinkholesSinkholes, springs, suffusion dolinesDoline and interconnecting conduits; five such systems are described. The role of sub-glacial meltwater systems is discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".