Mode transitions in nonlinear evolution of the electron drift instability in a 2D annular E × B system
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nonlinear development of electron drift instability is studied using 2D3V azimuthal-radial Particle-in-Cell simulations of an annular Hall thruster channel of 10 cm diameter. The full 2π azimuthal domain of the annular cross section is simulated with reflecting boundary conditions at the radial boundaries. It is shown that the instability, which starts as a short length scale linear instability, undergoes a sequence of nonlinear transitions into longer wavelength modes. The transitions in the mode wavelengths are accompanied by related transitions of the magnitude of anomalous axial current. In the nonlinear stages, there is evidence of azimuthal trapping and dragging of ions by the propagating wave resulting in saturation of instability. It is demonstrated that the size of the azimuthal domain influences mode dynamics and, thereby, the anomalous cross field electron transport.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".