Complex Evolutionary History of Mboumar, a Mariner Element Widely Represented in Ant Genomes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mboumar-9 is an active mariner-transposable element previously isolated in the ant Messor bouvieri. In this work, a mariner-like element, Mboumar, isolated from 22 species of ants, is analyzed. These species belong to nine different subfamilies, including Leptanillinae, the most primitive ant subfamily, and Myrmicinae and Formicidae, the most derived ones. Consequently, Mboumar-like elements seem to be well-represented in ant genomes. The phylogenetic tree drawn for mariner elements is highly inconsistent with the phylogeny of host ants, with almost identical elements found in clearly distant species and, on the contrary, more variable elements in closely related species. The inconsistency between the two phylogenetic trees indicates that these transposable elements have evolved independently from the speciation events of the ants that host them. Besides, we found closer genetic relationships among elements than among their host ants. We also found potential coding copies with an uninterrupted open reading frame of 345 aa in 11 species. The putative transposase codified by them showed a high sequence identity with the active Mboumar-9 transposase. The results of selection tests suggest the intervention of purifying selection in the evolution of these elements. Overall, our study suggests a complex evolutionary history of the Mboumar-like mariner in ants, with important participation of horizontal transfer events. We also suggest that the evolutionary dynamics of Mboumar-like elements can be influenced by the genetic system of their host ants, which are eusocial insects with a haplodiploid genetic system.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".