Supporting a Bridge between Countries Case Study: Construction of Baudette Bridge Drilled Shafts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Minnesota Department of Transportation (MNDOT) and the Ontario Ministry of Transportation (MOT), started construction of a new border crossing to replace the existing historic bridge in Baudette, Minnesota. The new bridge was designed to bear on drilled shafts instead of driven pile like the adjacent railroad bridge and previously constructed bridge. The bridge design includes four river piers supported on 8’ diameter drilled shafts up to 100’ below river elevation. Piers one and two are located on the United States side of the river and piers three and four are location on the Canadian side. The piers were constructed in the existing river from barges. The technical challenges and extreme remote location required strong coordination between multiple agencies, engineers, and two federal governments. This case study details the technique shaft, bi-directional test, concrete design and production (mass, tremie, and self-consolidating concrete), thermal integrity profiler results, obstructions, drilling techniques, clean out procedures, and a dynamic working environment in an extreme northern environment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".