Autophagic stress; a new cellular response to nanoparticles. Could it be a new strategy for inhibition of liver cancer cell invasion and metastasis?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We herein report a new biological consequence from a unique interaction between nanoparticles of ferric-tannic complexes (Fe-TA NPs) and liver cancer cells (HepG2.2.15). The Fe-TA NPs were found to accumulate into the cells via specific cellular uptake mechanisms and thereafter disturbed cellular autophagy and cellular pH homeostasis, which led the cells to undergo autophagic stress and eventual death. According to biophysical analysis, the cells undergoing autophagic stress were found to lose their capability of attachment, migration, and movement. Similarly, KEGG analysis demonstrated the down-regulation of TGF-beta indicating that the autophagic stress is capable of reducing cancer cell invasion. Therefore, the Fe-TA NPs could be considered beneficial as a new pharmaceutical nanoplatform for liver cancer treatment via induction of autophagic stress.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".