Endometrial development during the transition to menopause: preliminary associations with follicular dynamics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to test the hypothesis that the development of functional luteal phase dominant follicles (LPDFs) is associated with increased endometrial growth as women transition to menopause.Methods: Endometrial thickness (ET), follicle development, and hormone production were characterized in ovulatory women of mid-reproductive age (MRA; 18–35 years, n = 10) and advanced reproductive age (ARA; 45–55 years, n = 16). Transvaginal ultrasonography was conducted every 1–3 days during one interovulatory interval to quantify ET and the diameters of follicles ≥2 mm. Blood was drawn at each visit to measure progesterone, estradiol, inhibin A, follicle stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone.Results: In the MRA group, ET was lower (8.87 vs. 10.1 mm) in women with typical versus no LPDFs, in association with greater luteal phase estradiol (91.1 vs. 48.8 ng/l). In the ARA group, luteal phase endometrial growth was greater (12.0 vs. 10.4 mm) in women with typical versus no LPDFs, in association with lower progesterone (10.7 vs. 13.8 μg/l; LPDF effect p < 0.1) and inhibin A (35.6 vs. 51.17 ng/l; p < 0.10).Conclusions: Preliminary findings suggest that ET may be increased in women who develop LPDFs, in association with reduced luteal phase progesterone and inhibin A, during the transition to menopause. Continued research is required to confirm these findings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".