Observation of propagating surface plasmon polaritons by using functionalized tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We report on surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) observed by functionalized‐tip/surface enhanced Raman scattering. In particular, a short‐range SPPs was detected on a rough gold film with high spatial resolution. The SPPs are launched by large noble metal nanostructures. SPPs interferences patterns with a beating period of around 400 nm are observed. Manipulation of the optical enhancement has been carried out by tuning the tip‐sample distance. An increase of Raman scattering due to the highly directional surface plasmon coupled emission is observed. A finite element simulation has been carried out in order to simulate the SPPs patterns and also the influence of the emission angle and the tip to sample distance on far field intensity. These simulations in particular confirm that the SPPs mode is resulting from the interference between the wave vector of the incident and scattered light and the wave vector of the scattered SPPs. The contribution of surface plasmon coupled emission in increasing the sensitivity of Raman intensity with a tip‐enhanced Raman scattering configuration is observed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".