Design and Optimization of pn Junctions in Silicon Microdisk Modulators
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
An optoelectronic modulator is a key building block in silicon photonic telecommunication circuits. The dominant modulation mechanism uses free-carrier depletion in microring resonators, for its combined advantages of high speed, low power, low spatial footprint, and low fabrication cost and complexity. Recent advancements show that a microdisk modulator, with its pn junction oriented vertically, achieves a larger modulation efficiency due to the stronger interaction with the resonant optical mode. In this work, we verify and compare the simulated performance of metaheuristically optimized lateral and vertical pn junction microdisk modulators that are otherwise identical. We also present two new configurations: The double vertical and staggered double vertical pn junction microdisk modulators. Both of these exhibit stronger mode-junction interactions and greater modulation efficiencies than the state-of-the-art designs.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it