Policy Agenda-Setting and Causal Stories: Examining How Organized Interests redefined the Problem of Refugee Health Policy in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The development of refugee health policies is significant, given the increased volume of displaced persons seeking refuge in Canada and around the world. Changes to the Canadian refugee health policy, known as the Interim Federal Health Program (IFHP), limited healthcare access for refugees and refugee claimants from 2012 to 2016. In this article, we present a policy analysis using the case of the IFHP retrenchments to examine how political actors on opposing sides of the issue defined the problem using different causal story mechanisms. This analysis reveals that organized interests dramatically changed the problem definition of the IFHP reforms. Following their use of causal stories in redefining the problem, the courts declared that the reforms to refugee healthcare were a form of cruel and unusual treatment. Understanding policy strategies used by proponents of refugee healthcare coverage expansion is important for countries responding to the current, enduring refugee crisis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.021 | 0.042 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.046 | 0.043 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.025 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.009 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.012 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".