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The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex
Katrina L. Grasby, Neda Jahanshad, Jodie N. Painter, Lucía Colodro‐Conde, Janita Bralten, Derrek P. Hibar, Penelope A. Lind, Fabrizio Pizzagalli, Christopher R. K. Ching, Mary McMahon, Natalia Shatokhina, Leo Zsembik, Sophia I. Thomopoulos, Alyssa H. Zhu, Lachlan T. Strike, Ingrid Agartz, Saud Alhusaini, Marcio Almeida, Dag Alnæs, Inge K. Amlien, Micael Andersson, Tyler Ard, Nicola J. Armstrong, Allison E. Ashley‐Koch, Joshua Atkins, Manon Bernard, Rachel M. Brouwer, Elizabeth E.L. Buimer, Robin Bülow, Christian Bürger, Dara M. Cannon, M. Mallar Chakravarty, Qiang Chen, J. Cheung, Baptiste Couvy‐Duchesne, Anders M. Dale, Shareefa Dalvie, Tânia Kawasaki de Araujo, Greig I. de Zubicaray, Sonja M. C. de Zwarte, Anouk den Braber, Nhat Trung Doan, Katharina Dohm, Stefan Ehrlich, Hannah-Ruth Engelbrecht, Susanne Erk, Chun Chieh Fan, Iryna O. Fedko, Sonya Foley, Judith M. Ford, Masaki Fukunaga, Melanie E. Garrett, Tian Ge, Sudheer Giddaluru, Aaron L. Goldman, Melissa J. Green, Nynke A. Groenewold, Dominik Grotegerd, Tiril P. Gurholt, Boris A. Gutman, Narelle K. Hansell, Mathew A. Harris, Marc Harrison, Courtney C. Haswell, Michael A. Hauser, Stefan Herms, Dirk J. Heslenfeld, New Fei Ho, David Hoehn, Per Hoffmann, Laurena Holleran, Martine Hoogman, Jouke‐Jan Hottenga, Masashi Ikeda, Deborah Janowitz, Iris E. Jansen, Tianye Jia, Christiane Jockwitz, Ryota Kanai, Sherif Karama, Dalia Kasperavičiūtė, Tobias Kaufmann, Sinéad Kelly, Masataka Kikuchi, Marieke Klein, Michael Knapp, Annchen R. Knodt, Bernd Krämer, Max Lam, T. Lancaster, Phil H. Lee, Tristram A. Lett, Lindsay B. Lewis, Íscia Lopes‐Cendes, Michelle Luciano, Fabìo Macciardi, André F. Marquand, Samuel R. Mathias, Tracy R. Melzer, Yuri Milaneschi, Nazanin Mirza‐Schreiber, José C.V. Moreira, Thomas W. Mühleisen, Bertram Müller‐Myhsok, Pablo Najt, Soichiro Nakahara, Kwangsik Nho, Loes M. Olde Loohuis, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, John F. Pearson, Toni L. Pitcher, Benno Pütz, Yann Quidé, Anjanibhargavi Ragothaman, Faisal Rashid, William R. Reay, Ronny Redlich, Céline S. Reinbold, Jonathan Repple, Geneviève Richard, Brandalyn C. Riedel, Shannon L. Risacher, Cristiane S. Rocha, Nina Roth Mota, Lauren E. Salminen, Arvin Saremi, Andrew J. Saykin, Fenja Schlag, Lianne Schmaal, Peter R. Schofield, Rodrigo Secolin, Chin Yang Shapland, Li Shen, Jean Shin, Elena Shumskaya, Ida E. Sønderby, Emma Sprooten, Katherine E. Tansey, Alexander Teumer, Anbupalam Thalamuthu, Diana Tordesillas‐Gutiérrez, Jessica A. Turner, Anne Uhlmann, Costanza L. Vallerga, Dennis van der Meer, Marjolein M. J. van Donkelaar, Liza van Eijk, Theo G.M. van Erp, Neeltje E.M. van Haren, Daan van Rooij, Marie‐José van Tol, Jan H. Veldink, Ellen Verhoef, Esther Walton, Mingyuan Wang, Yunpeng Wang, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Wei Wen, Lars T. Westlye, Christopher D. Whelan, Stephanie H. Witt, Katharina Wittfeld, Christiane Wolf, Thomas Wolfers, Jing Wu, Clarissa Lin Yasuda, Dario Zaremba, Zuo Zhang, Marcel P. Zwiers, Éric Artiges, Amelia A. Assareh, Rosa Ayesa‐Arriola, Ayşenil Belger, Christine L. Brandt, Gregory G. Brown, Sven Cichon, Joanne E. Curran, Gareth E. Davies, Franziska Degenhardt, Michelle F. Dennis, Bruno Dietsche, Srdjan Djurovic, Colin P. Doherty, Ryan Espiritu, Daniel Garijo, Yolanda Gil, Penny Gowland, Robert C. Green, Alexander N. Häusler, Walter Heindel, Beng‐Choon Ho, Wolfgang Hoffmann, Florian Holsboer, Georg Homuth, Norbert Hosten, Clifford R. Jack, MiHyun Jang, Andreas Jansen, Nathan A. Kimbrel, Knut K. Kolskår, Sanne Koops, Axel Krug, Kelvin O. Lim, Jurjen J. Luykx, Daniel H. Mathalon, Karen A. Mather, Venkata S. Mattay, Sarah Matthews, Jacqueline Mayoral-van Son, Sarah McEwen, Ingrid Melle, Derek W. Morris, Bryon A. Mueller, Matthias Nauck, Jan Egil Nordvik, Markus M. Nöthen, Daniel S. OʼLeary, Nils Opel, Marie‐Laure Paillère Martinot, G. Bruce Pike, Adrian Preda, Erin Burke Quinlan, Paul E. Rasser, Varun Ratnakar, Simone Reppermund, Vidar M. Steen, Paul A. Tooney, Fábio R. Torres, Dick J. Veltman, James Voyvodic, Robert Whelan, Tonya White, Hidenaga Yamamori, Hieab H.H. Adams, Joshua C. Bis, Stéphanie Debette, Charles DeCarli, Myriam Fornage, Vilmundur Guðnason, Edith Hofer, M. Arfan Ikram, Lenore J. Launer, W.T. Longstreth, Oscar L. López, Bernard Mazoyer, Thomas H. Mosley, Gennady V. Roshchupkin, Claudia L. Satizábal, Reinhold Schmidt, Sudha Seshadri, Qiong Yang, Marina K. M. Alvim, David Ames, Tim Anderson, Ole A. Andreassen, Alejandro Arias Vásquez, Mark E. Bastin, Bernhard T. Baune, Jean C. Beckham, John Blangero, Dorret I. Boomsma, Henry Brodaty, Han G. Brunner, Randy L. Buckner, Jan K. Buitelaar, Juan Bustillo, Wiepke Cahn, Murray J. Cairns, Vince D. Calhoun, Vaughan J. Carr, Xavier Caseras, Svenja Caspers, Gianpiero L. Cavalleri, Fernando Cendes, Aiden Corvin, Benedicto Crespo‐Facorro, John C. Dalrymple‐Alford, Udo Dannlowski, Eco J. C. de Geus, Ian J. Deary, Norman Delanty, Chantal Depondt, Sylvane Desrivières, Gary Donohoe, Thomas Espeseth, Guillén Fernández, Simon E. Fisher, Herta Flor, Andreas J. Forstner, Clyde Francks, Barbara Franke, David C. Glahn, Randy L. Gollub, Hans J. Grabe, Oliver Gruber, Asta K. Håberg, Ahmad R. Hariri, Catharina A. Hartman, Ryota Hashimoto, Andreas Heinz, Frans Henskens, Manon H. J. Hillegers, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Avram J. Holmes, L. Elliot Hong, William D. Hopkins, Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol, Terry L. Jernigan, Erik G. Jönsson, René S. Kahn, Martin A. Kennedy, Tilo Kircher, Peter Kochunov, John B. Kwok, Stéphanie Le Hellard, Carmel M. Loughland, Nicholas G. Martin, Jean‐Luc Martinot, Colm McDonald, Katie L. McMahon, Andreas Meyer‐Lindenberg, Patricia T. Michie, Rajendra A. Morey, Bryan Mowry, Lars Nyberg, Jaap Oosterlaan, Roel A. Ophoff, Christos Pantelis, Tomáš Paus, Zdenka Pausová, Brenda W.J.H. Penninx, Tinca J. C. Polderman, Daniëlle Posthuma, Marcella Rietschel, Joshua L. Roffman, Laura M. Rowland, Perminder S. Sachdev, Philipp G. Sämann, Ulrich Schall, Günter Schumann, Rodney J. Scott, Kang Sim, Sanjay M. Sisodiya, Jordan W. Smoller, Iris E. Sommer, Beaté St Pourcain, Dan J. Stein, Arthur W. Toga, Julian N. Trollor, Nic J.A. van der Wee, Dennis van ‘t Ent, Henry Völzke, Henrik Walter, Bernd Weber, Daniel R. Weinberger, Margaret J. Wright, Juan Zhou, Jason L. Stein, Paul M. Thompson, Sarah E. Medland
Bibliographic record
VenueScience · 2020
Typereview
Languageen
FieldBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
TopicGenetic Associations and Epidemiology
Canadian institutionsHolland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation HospitalUniversity of CalgaryMcGill UniversityDouglas Mental Health University InstituteMontreal Neurological Institute and HospitalUniversity of TorontoSickKids FoundationHospital for Sick Children
FundersCilagFP7 Ideas: European Research CouncilNIH Clinical CenterU.S. National Library of MedicineNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and BioengineeringNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institute of General Medical SciencesNational Institute of Mental HealthNational Institute on AgingNational Human Genome Research InstituteHelmholtz Zentrum MünchenEuropean Regional Development FundNational Health and Medical Research CouncilBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research CouncilEuropean Social FundMedical Research CouncilMaryland Population Research Center, University of MarylandHorizon 2020 Framework ProgrammeUniversity of California, IrvineUniversity of California, San DiegoGillings School of Public HealthDirectorate-General for Research and InnovationGenentechDirectorate for Biological SciencesNational Institutes of HealthMax Planck Instituut voor PsycholinguïstiekMacquarie Group FoundationHeinz Nixdorf StiftungEpilepsy SocietyIXICOFreistaat SachsenDamp StiftungServierNational Healthcare GroupInstituto de Investigación Marqués de ValdecillaMedizinische Universität GrazNational Center for Research ResourcesFederalno Ministarstvo Obrazovanja i NaukeMutuelle Générale de l'Education NationaleUniversidade Estadual de CampinasUniversité de BordeauxUniversity of New South WalesRadboud Universitair Medisch CentrumUniversitair Medisch Centrum GroningenUniversitetet i BergenHelse Midt-NorgeOesterreichische NationalbankF. Hoffmann-La RocheUniversity of TorontoStanley Medical Research InstituteScience and Technology Commission of Shanghai MunicipalityUniversity College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustErasmus Medisch CentrumRadboud UniversiteitRussian Foundation for Basic ResearchVrije Universiteit AmsterdamNeuraxpharmVetenskapsrådetNorges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige UniversitetUniversiteit UtrechtMinistry of Education of the People's Republic of ChinaZonMwNSW HealthNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Medical Research CouncilNorges ForskningsrådSchweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen ForschungStockholms Läns LandstingNational Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteUniversiteit LeidenH. Lundbeck A/SEuropean Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and AssociationsInstitut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleAustralian Schizophrenia Research BankNederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftUniversity of GalwayScience Foundation IrelandFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São PauloCanadian Institutes of Health ResearchKnut och Alice Wallenbergs StiftelseEuropean CommissionScottish Funding CouncilMassachusetts General HospitalUniversity College LondonHelse Sør-Øst RHFMax-Planck-GesellschaftKing's College LondonNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesLieber Institute for Brain DevelopmentAlzheimer's AssociationPfizerEU Joint Programme – Neurodegenerative Disease ResearchFresenius Medical Care North AmericaQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteAustrian Science FundNational Institute for Health and Care ResearchPratt FoundationTrinity College DublinUniversity of BristolFoundation for the National Institutes of HealthNational Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and DepressionHealth Research BoardNorthern California Institute for Research and EducationMichael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's ResearchSanofiEisaiLeids Universitair Medisch CentrumDevelopment of Innovative Strategies for a Transdisciplinary approach to ALZheimer's diseaseSunovionSylvia and Charles Viertel Charitable FoundationNovartis Pharmaceuticals CorporationAlzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging InitiativeCentre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive EpidemiologySimons FoundationSchool of Medicine, Boston UniversityAgence Nationale de la RechercheWellcome TrustFondation de l'Avenir pour la Recherche Médicale AppliquéeNational Institute on Drug AbuseAge UKEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentUniversity of Southern CaliforniaMission Interministérielle de Lutte Contre les Drogues et les Conduites AddictivesFondation LeducqNational Science FoundationBioClinicaKavli FoundationRamsay Health CareBiogenHersenstichtingU.S. Department of DefenseEli Lilly and CompanyBristol-Myers SquibbU.S. Department of Health and Human ServicesMayo ClinicGlaxoSmithKlineKarolinska InstitutetU.S. Department of Veterans AffairsU.S. Department of EnergyCardiff UniversityHoward Hughes Medical InstituteMeso Scale DiagnosticsFondation pour la Recherche MédicaleSouth London and Maudsley NHS Foundation TrustFondation de FranceBrain and Behavior Research FoundationNational Center for Advancing Translational SciencesBundesministerium für Bildung und ForschungBergens ForskningsstiftelseKarl-Franzens-Universität GrazSvenska Forskningsrådet FormasCenter of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health
KeywordsNeuroscienceCerebral cortexBiologyCortex (anatomy)Functional magnetic resonance imagingHuman brainGenetic architectureGeneGeneticsQuantitative trait locus
Abstract
OpenAlex records an abstract for this work, but it could not be fetched just now.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.003
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.010
Threshold uncertainty score0.019
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.022
GPT teacher head0.320
Teacher spread0.298 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreReview
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
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Citations887
Published2020
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes