Optimal Fundamental Load Modulation for Class-X Harmonically Tuned Power Amplifier
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a mathematical model of the optimal fundamental load modulation design space for Class-X harmonically tuned power amplifiers (PAs). Starting from Class-X PA with maximally flat waveform, the optimal fundamental load trajectory that maintains constant high efficiency for different output power back-off level is obtained. Optimal fundamental load trajectory with different sets of second and third harmonic impedances are studied and verified with harmonic load-pull measurement. By carefully choosing the second and third harmonic load impedance, the optimal fundamental load trajectory can cross the real axis, which provides more flexibility in amplifier design. A 10W Cree GaN transistor, CG2H40010F, is measured at 800 MHz. The measured load-pull contours locate on the calculated optimal fundamental trajectory which validates the theory proposed in this work.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it