On-Board Single-Phase Integrated Electric Vehicle Charger With V2G Functionality
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mass adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is contingent on the availability of charging infrastructure. One solution to this issue is the introduction of on-board fast chargers, but such solutions typically require the installation of additional magnetic components that increase EV mass. An alternative approach is the dynamic redeployment of drivetrain components for charging when the vehicle is stationary. This article proposes an on-board single-phase charger that reuses the traction inverter and motor. The system consists of a dual-inverter drivetrain, which affords higher voltage charging compared to conventional systems. In addition, the system is able to operate bidirectionally and operate at any power factor for grid support services with real and reactive power exchange without subjecting the motor to low frequency harmonic currents. Experimental tests demonstrated operation at 19.2 kW using a 110-kW EV motor and a full-scale, state-of-the-art, dual-inverter drive prototype. Measured peak efficiencies of over 97% demonstrate the viability of integrated charging in a real-world scenario.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".