Commercial value of trawl macrofauna of the North Pacific and adjacent seas
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A checklist of 1541 animal species from the Chukchi, Bering, Okhotsk, and Japan seas and the North Pacific Ocean was generated based on 459 research vessel surveys (68 903 trawl tows at depths from 5 to 2200 m) in the period 1977–2014. The study area spanned over 25 million km 2 . For each species, the scientific name is given, as well as English and Russian common names, along with the following details: areas where species were collected, trawl type (benthic and (or) midwater), real or potential commercial importance, and possible product yield and minimum wholesale prices. Almost 20% of species in trawl catches had no commercial value, and >50% were cheap or very cheap (US$0.5–$2·kg −1 ). Only 3.3% of species were expensive and very expensive (US$10–$30·kg −1 ), and their numbers increased from north to south. About 33% of species can be considered as unexploited reserves for fisheries. These are mainly small fishes and invertebrates, with total biomass many times exceeding that of currently exploited biological resources. Product output for most species exceeded 90% of the raw mass. Occurrence of such species was much higher in the pelagic zone than on the seafloor. The most abundant local commercial species are characterized by significant natural fluctuations in abundance. Therefore, a sustainable fishery in the region can be secured (among other factors) by expansion of the assortment of commercial bioresources. A regional supply of bioresources provides such an opportunity. The checklist can be used for development of bioresource management, aquaculture and conservation, assessment of environmental damage caused by climate change, and (or) anthropogenic impact (including pollution, man-made hydro-technical constructions, oil–gas extractions, nuclear reactor accidents, etc.).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".