ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN LUAR NEGERI KANADA STUDI KASUS MUNDURNYA KANADA DARI PROTOKOL KYOTO TAHUN 2011
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACTThe withdrawal Canada from Kyoto Protocol on 2011 was one of Canada's foreign policy in dealing with environmental problems like climate change. This research aims to determine the impact of these policies for global environment, factors that affect this policy, and policy formulation.The result of this research indicate that impact of Canada’s withdrawal for global environment like increasing global emissions and threatened the existence of the Kyoto Protocol. After that, the factors that affect Canada to withdraw was the economic competition with NAFTA countries, Kyoto’s system, Canada’s geographic and nature conditions, Canada’s economic condition, Canada’s political process; and the failure of Canada to realize Protocol Kyoto’s target. At the last, Canada’s foreign policy formulation was done in four steps. Those are, identify national interest, identify options, consideration of each option, and choose policy option that best serves national interest.Key Words: Climate Change, Kyoto Protocol, Canada’s Foreign Policy ABSTRAKMundurnya Kanada dari Protokol Kyoto di tahun 2011 adalah salah satu bentuk kebijakan luar negeri Kanada dalam menangani masalah lingkungan seperti perubahan iklim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak kebijakan ini bagi lingkungan global, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kebijakan tersebut, dan bagaimana kebijakan tersebut dirumuskan.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dampak penarikan Kanada bagi lingkungan global seperti peningkatan emisi global dan terancamnya eksistensi Protokol Kyoto. Setelah itu, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Kanada untuk mundur antara lain seperti persaingan ekonomi dengan negara-negara anggota NAFTA, sistem dalam Protokol Kyoto, kondisi geografis, kondisi perekonomian, proses politik; dan kegagalan Kanada untuk mencapai target Protokol Kyoto. Terakhir, perumusan kebijakan luar negeri Kanada dilakukan dalam empat langkah. Langkah tersebut antara lain mengidentifikasi kepentingan nasional, mengidentifikasi opsi-opsi yang tersedia, pertimbangan masing-masing opsi, dan memilih opsi kebijakan yang terbaik sesuai kepentingan nasional.Kata kunci: Perubahan Iklim, Protokol Kyoto, Kebijakan Luar Negeri Kanada
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".