Koncepcje merkantylistyczne a ich wykorzystanie w Republice Zjednoczonych Prowincji
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mercantilist concepts and their application in the Republic of the Seven United Provinces The Republic of the Seven United Provinces is seen in the literature as astate favouring free trade, which enabled it to achieve adominant position in colonial trade between the 16th and 18th centuries. However, even this country used mercantilism-inspired solutions. Given the specific nature of its economy, the Republic was particularly attached to apositive balance of trade. On the other hand, it undertook short-term actions in line with the principle of interventionism and protectionist customs policy — guided on each occasion by particular interests of groups holding power. Consequently, the Republic used the principles of mercantilism only to an extent it found suitable in a given political and economic situation.Merkantilistische Konzepte und ihre Verwendung in der Republik der Vereinigten ProvinzenDie Republik der Vereinigten Provinzen wird aktuell in der Literatur als ein Staat gesehen, der die Handelsfreiheit förderte und was dazu führte, dass er zwischen dem 16. und 17. Jahrhundert die dominierende Position im Kolonialhandel einnehmen konnte. Jedoch auch in diesem Land nutzte man die Lösungen des Merkantilismus. Wegen der Eigenartigkeit ihrer Wirtschaft waren für die Republik die Grundsätze der aktiven Handelsbilanz besonders wichtig. Ihre Übergangshandlungen entsprachen dagegen dem Interventionalismus und der protektionistischen Zollpolitik — sie richtete sich immer an die partikulären Interessen der regierenden Gruppierungen. Infolgedessen nutzte die Republik die Grundsätze des Merkantilismus nur in dem Grade, der für sie in der gegebenen politischen und wirtschaftlichen Lage günstig war.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".