An Adaptive Filtering Algorithm for Non-Gaussian Signals in Alpha-Stable Distribution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Currently, many adaptive filtering algorithms are available for the non-Gaussian environment, namely, least mean square (LMS) algorithm, recursive least square (RLS) algorithm, least mean fourth (LMF) algorithm, and subspace minimum norm (SMN) algorithm.Most of them can converge to the steady-state, but face various constraints in the presence of alpha (α)-stable noises.To solve the problem, this paper aims to develop an adaptive filtering algorithm for non-Gaussian signals in α-stable distribution, drawing on the merits of existing adaptive filtering algorithms.Firstly, the authors introduced the theory of α-stable distribution, the central limit theorem and fractional lower-order statistics (FLOS).Next, two classic adaptive filtering algorithms, RLS and LMS, were summarized, and compared through tests.On this basis, the FLOS-SMN algorithm was designed in the light of the features of the LMS and the SMN, which applies to the filtering of non-Gaussian signals in αstable distribution.Finally, the proposed algorithm was proved as faster, more stable and more adaptable than the traditional method.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".