Evaluation of the interstorey drift performance of timber beam-hanger connection systems
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents the results of a study on pre-engineered steel and aluminum, nominally “pinned”, bolted-plate (BP), staggered dovetail (S-DT), and dovetail prototype (DTP) beam-hanger connection systems for glue-laminated timber joints under a combination of shear and reversed cyclic loading. A total of seven systems were tested to observe the evolution of damage, failure modes, and moment–rotation behaviour. The interstorey drift and deflection of a building that would cause failure of each system is inferred from the ultimate rotation capacities and compared to the limit(s) prescribed by Clause 4.1.8.13.3 of the National Building Code of Canada for various building categories. The BP systems generally reached an interstorey drift exceeding 2.5%, while the S-DT and DTP systems reached drifts of 0.6% and >1.2%, respectively. The BP systems also exhibited more ductile failure modes than the S-DT and DTP systems, involving withdrawal failure of the wood screws. Recommendations are made for appropriate connectors to use in each building category considered.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".