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Record W3014602100 · doi:10.34753/hs.2019.1.2.004

FORECASTING OF THE EXTREME WINTER LOW FLOW FOR THE NORILKA RIVER

2019· article· ru· W3014602100 on OpenAlexaboutno aff
S. A. Zhuravin, М. Л. Марков

Bibliographic record

VenueГидросфера. Опасные процессы и явления. · 2019
Typearticle
Languageru
FieldEarth and Planetary Sciences
TopicArctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsEnvironmental scienceFlow (mathematics)StreamflowHydrology (agriculture)ClimatologyMeteorologyGeographyGeologyDrainage basinMechanicsCartographyGeotechnical engineeringPhysics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Объектом исследования является р.Норилка (р.Норильская), расположенная на севере Красноярского края. Работа выполнена с использованием многолетних данных гидрометеорологических наблюдений на сети Росгидромета и Таймырской гидрометеорологической экспедиции . В бассейне р.Норилки, как и в целом в регионе Таймыра, в период с октября 2012 по май 2013 года выпало всего 45 от нормы осадков, в результате чего сформировалось чрезвычайно низкое весеннее половодье. Питание больших озер, которые формируют сток реки, также было ограничено, поскольку в летний период установилась сухая жаркая погода. Это вызвало большую обеспокоенность в отношении водообеспеченности водозаборов крупнейшего в России горно-обогатительного комбината в городе Норильске в зимний период 2014 года. Возникшая ситуация потребовала решения комплекса гидрологических задач, основная из которых разработка прогноза минимальных расходов воды на зимний период 2014 года. Прогноз разработан на основе анализа связи предзимнего увлажнения территории с интенсивностью снижения зимнего стока. Так как мощность ледяного покрова может существенно влиять в этом регионе на пропускную способность русел рек, то в прогнозе учтены прогнозируемые температуры воздуха зимы 2013-2014 годов. В результате расчетов установлено, что минимальный месячный сток в апреле составит 22 м3/с, суточный 20 м3/с при погрешности около 5 м3/с. Полученные результаты явились основой для проведения мероприятий, направленных на обеспечение устойчивого водоснабжения с потребностью в 7 м3/с. Ниже водозаборов в августе-сентябре 2013 года была обустроена грунтовая перемычка, создавшая подпор на участке водозаборов. Фактический расход в апреле 2014 года составил около 14 м3/с. При ширине реки почти 200 м, формировании на ней гряд и льда мощностью до 1,5-2 м этот расход воды мог не обеспечить приток в водозаборные ковши. Поэтому строительство перемычки было оправданным и перебоев водоснабжения комбината не произошло. Методические подходы, примененные к решению данной задачи, могут быть полезны при возникновении аналогичных ситуаций в северных регионах России. Литература Анисимов О.А., Жильцова Е.Л. Об оценках изменений климата регионов России в XX в. и начале XXI в. по данным наблюдений // Метеорология и Гидрология. 2012. № 6. С. 95-107. Гуревич Е.В. Влияние температуры воздуха на зимний сток рек (на примере бассейна р. Алдан) // Метеорология и гидрология. 2009. №9. С. 92-99. Ресурсы поверхностных вод СССР: в 20 т. Том 16. Ангаро-Енисейский район. Выпуск 1. Енисей. / Отв. ред. А.П. Муранов. Л.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1973. 724 с. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis / Solomon S., Qin D., Manning M. (eds.). Cambridge New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007. 1008 p. Schnorbus M., Werner A., Bennett K. Impacts of climate change in three hydrologic regimes in British Columbia, Canada // Hydrological Processes. 2014. Volume 28, Issue 3. P. 1170-1189. DOI: 10.1002/hyp.9661. Shrestha R.R., Schnorbus M.A., Werner A.T., Berland A.J. Modelling spatial and temporal variability of hydrologic impacts of climate change in the Fraser River basin, British Columbia, Canada // Hydrological Processes. 2012. Volume 26, Issue 12. P. 1840-1860 DOI: 10.1002/hyp.9283 The object of the study is the Norilka River, located in the North of the Krasnoyarsk territory. Only 45 of the norm of precipitation fell in the basin of the Norilka River for the period from October 2012 to May 2013, that resulting in an extremely low spring flood formation. The feeding of the large lakes that form the river flow was also limited, as dry weather set in during the summer. This caused great concern regarding the water availability of water intakes of mining and processing plant in the city of Norilsk for the winter of 2014. The situation required the solution of a complex of hydrological tasks, the main of which is the development of a forecast of minimum water consumption for the winter of 2014. The forecast was developed using relationship between area pre-winter moistening with intensity of the winter runoff depletion. Since the capacity of the ice cover can significantly affect to decrease of the river flow, the hydrological forecast takes into account the long-term air temperatures forecast for 2013-2014 winter period. It was obtained the forecast that the minimum monthly discharge for April would be at about 22 m3/s, meanwhile daily discharge 20 m3/s. The received results were a basis for carrying out the measures directed on maintenance of steady water supply with need discharge in 7 m3/s. The low ground dam below water intakes was arranged at backwater on a site of water intakes for August-September 2013. The actual flow discharge for April 2014 was about 14m3/s. Therefore, the construction of the dam was justified and interruptions of water supply of the plant did not happen. The methodological approaches applied to the solution of this problem can be useful in case of similar situations in the Northern regions of Russia. References Anisimov O.A., Zhil'tsova E.L. Climate change estimates for the regions of Russia in the 20th century and in the beginning of the 21st century based on the observational data. Russian Meteorology and Hydrology, 2012, t. 37, no. 6, pp. 421-429. (Russ. ed.: Anisimov O.A., Zhil'tsova E.L. Ob otsenkakh izmenenii klimata regionov Rossii v dvadtsatom veke i nachale dvadtsat' pervogo veka po dannym nablyudenii. Meteorologiya i Gidrologiya, 2012, no. 6, pp. 95-107). DOI: 10.3103/S1068373912060106 Gurevich E.V. Influence of air temperature on the river runoff in winter (the Aldan river catchment case study). Russian Meteorology and Hydrology, 2009, t. 34, no. 9, pp. 628-633. (Russ. ed.: Gurevich E.V. Vliyanie temperatury vozdukha na zimnii stok rek (na primere basseina reki Aldan). Meteorologiya i gidrologiya, 2009, no. 9, pp. 92-99). DOI: 10.3103/S1068373909090088 Resursy poverkhnostnykh vod SSSR: v 20 tomakh. Tom 16. Angaro-Eniseiskii raion. Vypusk 1. Enisei. [Surface water resources of the USSR: in 20 volumes. Volume 16. Angara-Yenisei region. Issue 1. Yenisei]. Leningrad, Publ. Gidrometeoizdat, 1973. 724 p. (In Russian) Schnorbus M., Werner A., Bennett K. Impacts of climate change in three hydrologic regimes in British Columbia, Canada. Hydrological Processes, 2014, vol. 28, iss. 3, pp. 1170-1189. DOI: 10.1002/hyp.9661. Shrestha R.R., Schnorbus M.A., Werner A.T., Berland A.J. Modelling spatial and temporal variability of hydrologic impacts of climate change in the Fraser River basin, British Columbia, Canada. Hydrological Processes, 2012, vol. 26, iss. 12, pp. 1840-1860 DOI: 10.1002/hyp.9283 Solomon S., Qin D., Manning M. (eds.) Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Cambridge New York, Cambridge University Press, 2007. 1008 p.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: Simulation or modeling
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.064
Threshold uncertainty score0.128

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0010.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.025
GPT teacher head0.195
Teacher spread0.170 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designSimulation or modeling
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Published2019
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