Rural community enterprises in Thailand: a case study of participation
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Community enterprises (CE) are a tool to support sustainable community development. They rely on community members' participation using a bottom-up, polycentric approach to management. However, they typically operate in rural areas where the required knowledge, management and marketing skills are often lacking. This study investigated members' participation in CEs and the failures and successes they encountered in participation in organisational, production, marketing and financial management. Data collection involved structured interviews with 400 participants in 200 CEs in north-eastern Thailand. The researchers also conducted focus groups with a successful CE (n = 5) and an unsuccessful CE (n = 7). Results revealed that participation was lowest for organisational, marketing and financial management. Lower levels of participation were associated with lack of time and lack of skill/education. Implications point to the value of outsourcing marketing and financial management for CEs in rural areas.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it