Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in North-East of Iran
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of primary liver cancer, is a life-threatening disease worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology and clinical features of HCC patients who referred to Omid hospital in Mashhad, northeast of Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional retrospective study, we reviewed the medical records of patients who referred to Omid hospital – a cancer research center– in Mashhad during 1991 to 2012. Medical records of 29 patients with primary liver cancer proven with biopsy, CT scan or MRI were analyzed in this study. Results: Of 25 eligible cases, 68% were men and the rest were women. The majority of HCC patients were in the 60-69 age group. Also, 44% of patients were found to be hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) positive. Conclusion: The age distribution and male preponderance of HCC patients observed in the present study in line with other conducted studies in Iran and other countries. Since this is a retrospective study, a comprehensive study with a larger sample size in a case-control study is needed to establish other HCC-related factors in our province.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".