Angular Dispersion of a Scattered Underground Wireless Channel at 60 GHz
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The 60 GHz frequency band is identified as a suitable band for Gbps speed wireless communication in an Underground mine due to its high antenna directivity and high signal attenuation. However, the rough mine surface and the 5 mm wavelength may produce rich scattering phenomenon of multipath signals. To characterize the channel and more insight into the scattering, the angular dispersion measurements are conducted in different mine gallery depths and dimensions. The scattering is analyzed by the angle of arrivals of the incoming paths at the receiver, which is characterized by the statistical parameters of the multipath shape factors. The results of the multipath shape factor are explained and show that at around 3 m link distance, the incoming paths are mostly in two or three directions within a resolution angle of around between ±30° and ±40°. The statistical distribution of the multipath angle of arrivals follows a Gaussian probability distribution. The results also show that the angular spreads of multipath are proportional to the gallery dimensions and inversely proportional to the link distances.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".