Natural Killer Cells, Aging, and Vaccination
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aging is associated with changes in the immune system. Both (innate and adaptive) arms of the immune system are involved. Natural killer (NK) cells are part of the innate immune system. They participate in host defense by eliminating cells that are virally infected, transformed, or senescent. They are also able to modulate the adaptive part of the immune system. As all cells, NK cells are subjected to changes with aging, which affects both their phenotype and functions. Aging is associated with various latent chronic viral infections, and the most significant among them is CMV. It is difficult to distinguish between the influence of CMV infection and that of aging itself on the NK cell properties. Recently, NK cells have been shown to be an important player in vaccine efficacy, which is also decreased with aging. In this chapter, we describe age-related changes in NK cells and their possible influence on the efficacy of vaccination in old age.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".