Performance of bubble column humidification-dehumidification (HDH) desalination system
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Bubble column humidification and dehumidification (HDH) system is considered one of the promising and new techniques for enhancing the performance of the HDH desalination systems. In this paper, we experimentally examine the performance of a bubble column water and air heated HDH systems. The effect of water column height in the humidifier, water temperature, and air temperature and flow rate on gain output ratio (GOR), production and effectiveness are investigated and discussed. Results show that the system can produce 0.6 L/h freshwater and GOR can reach 0.95. At low temperatures, increasing airflow rate leads to an increase in the production at a high rate than the rate of increase in heat input. Therefore, GOR slightly increases at a higher airflow rate. Furthermore, GOR increases with increasing water temperature in the dehumidifier because the decrease in input energy needed to cool water in the dehumidifier has more impact than the decrease in the production.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".