Identification of Candidate Effector Proteins from Fusarium graminearum during Infection of Arabidopsis thaliana Using Proximity-Dependant Biotin Identification (BioID)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is a fungal pathogen that causes Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereal crops.Identifying proteins that are secreted from pathogens to overcome plant defenses and cause disease, collectively known as effectors, can reveal new targets for fungicides or other control measures.Proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) was used to identify potential effector proteins secreted in planta by F. graminearum during the infection of Arabidopsis seedlings.BioID analysis revealed over 300 proteins from F. graminearum, of which 99 were considered to be candidate effector proteins (CEPs).A subset of CEPs was functionally characterized in wheat.Assays examining the ability of a CEP to induce cell death or affect the growth of a bacterial pathogen were performed to determine their role in plant defenses.The expression of four CEPs in wheat were found to alter bacterial growth, supporting their putative role as effector proteins promoting infection by F. graminearum.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".