Expression of Aquaporins AaAQP2 and AaAQP6 in the Osmoregulatory Organs of Mosquito Larvae ( <i>Aedes aegypti</i> )
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The juvenile stages of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti , are found in semi‐permanent water storage containers, septic tanks, and natural coastal rock pools. Changing climates and anthropogenic pollutants affect the ionic (salt) composition of these mosquito breeding sites which can influence the spread and distribution of vector populations. These habitats impose different challenges to the salt and water balance of the mosquitoes which is accomplished by regulation of salt and water transport across epithelial barriers. Aquaporins (AQPs) are transmembrane proteins first discovered as selective water channels and can be classified by their transport capabilities to other small solutes. Six aquaporin isoforms have been identified in A. aegypti mosquitoes, AaAQP1‐6, and here we investigated the protein localization and abundance levels of AaAQP2 and AaAQP6 in the osmoregulatory organs of the aquatic larvae reared in either ion‐poor water (IPW; reverse‐osmosis water), artificial freshwater (FW), or brackish water (BW; 30% seawater). Using custom antibodies with immunohistochemistry and western blotting it was found that AaAQP2‐like and AaAQP6‐like immunofluorescence was primarily intracellular in the Malpighian tubules (MTs) and gastric caeca (GC). Rearing salinity did not affect protein abundance of AaAQP2 in MTs, GC and hindgut which appeared as a putative dimer of ~ 45 to 50 kDa; however, in the hindgut of BW reared larvae an additional band of ~ 30 kDa was apparent which may represent the monomer. Western blots for AaAQP6 are currently being optimized. Results suggest that AaAQP2 and AaAQP6 are required in these osmoregulatory organs regardless of the salinity of the external environment during development. Furthermore, AaAQP2 may have additional functions in the hindgut of larvae that develop in higher salt environments. Support or Funding Information NSERC ‐ DISCOVERY RGPIN‐2018‐05841
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".