Spatiotemporal Variations of Satellite Microwave Emissivity Difference Vegetation Index in China Under Clear and Cloudy Skies
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In this study, we used data from multiple sensors onboard NASA Aqua satellite to conduct a 10‐year (2002–2011) remote sensing of microwave emissivity difference vegetation index (EDVI) over China. We investigated the spatial and temporal variations of EDVI in tropical and subtropical evergreen forest, deciduous forest, rice and wheat farmlands, grassland, and montane vegetation regions. The average of China's EDVI is positive in dense vegetation regions and negative in sparse vegetation regions, depending on the proportion of bare soil and open water. In all selected studying regions, the seasonal variation of EDVI follows the trend of vegetation phenology, even in regions with large proportion of open water. EDVI is positively correlated to the greenness of vegetation (normalized difference vegetation index [NDVI]) with certain phase difference in their seasonal cycle. In autumn, EDVI begins to decline earlier and faster than NDVI. In tropical rainforest, EDVI also starts to increase earlier than NDVI in spring. The large‐scale spatial distribution of EDVI under clear sky and cloudy sky is similar. In montane vegetation regions, EDVI under heavy clouds (90% fraction) conditions is significantly greater than that under clear sky (10% fraction), indicating a possible cloud induced enhancement of vegetation water content. In forests and croplands in the plains, such effect is not remarkable.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it