Resonant ocean current responses driven by coastal winds near the critical latitude
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The currents forced by wind stress near the critical latitude (30°N or 30°S) appear enhanced as a result of the combination of natural modes of ocean currents (e.g., near-inertial motions) and diurnal land/sea breeze-driven currents. Here we assess the wind-current transfer function, derived from observations of coastal surface currents and surface winds off the U.S. West Coast (32°N to 47°N), as a function of the latitude (alongshore direction) and frequency. We compare the transfer functions at the diurnal frequency derived from observations and two analytical models (e.g., the Ekman model and a near-surface averaged Ekman model). The amplitude of the data-derived transfer function decreases with increasing distance from the critical latitude, and its argument varies nearly within the range estimated from two analytical models. Our results confirm that the resonant wind-current responses near the critical latitude are 8 to 12 times stronger than the purely diurnal land/sea breeze-forced currents in other latitudes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".