Angiotensin 1‐7 reduces muscle atrophy and function loss following 16 week denervation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Muscle atrophy is defined as a decrease in muscle mass that eventually leads to partial or complete muscle wasting. Muscle atrophy occurs in a variety of conditions including chronic diseases, limb immobilization and following a complete loss of muscle activity after spinal cord injury and peripheral nerve injury. A consequence of muscle atrophy is large force decrease associated with muscle mass loss as well as contractile components. The objective of this study was to determine whether angiotensin 1‐7 reduces the atrophy process and force loss following muscle denervation. Mouse extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus were denervated by removing 3–4 mm of the sciatic nerve at the thigh level. Denervated mice were divided into 4 groups: i) denervated; ii) denervated and treated with angiotensin 1‐7; iii) denervated and treated with diminazene aceturate (DIZE), a ACE2 activator, to locally increase Ang 1‐7 levels, and iv) denervated and treated with sucrose. A 5 th group of mice was used as control, i.e., normal innervated muscle. The results show that angiotensin 1‐7 significantly prevented muscle mass loss and fully prevented the loss of normalized force to cross sectional area that normally occurs over a 16 week denervation period. The maintenance of the normalized maximum force by angiotensin 1‐7/DIZE was in part due to a prevention of the loss of membrane excitability that occurs because denervated fibers are depolarized. This study is thus providing evidence that angiotensin1, 7 has therapeutic potential to prevent function loss following prolonged denervation. Support or Funding Information This project was supported by a grant from the National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".