International Commercial Transactions, Franchising, and Distribution
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
With assistance from the Asian Development Bank in 2008-09, two Pacific island nations, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, enacted new secured transactions acts containing elements of Article 9 of the U.C.C., and established registries for secured transactions. 4Another Pacific Island nation, Palau, is expected to follow suit.sIn Central America, the Legislature of Honduras passed a new secured transactions law that is based on Article 9, but while the law was pending signature by that country's president, the President was ousted and the continuing crisis has stalled the law's going into effect as of this writing. 6 Nonetheless, Honduras has continued preparations to implement a new central registry for secured transactions once the law becomes effective.In 2008, Guatemala enacted a law based on the Organization of American States (OAS) Model Law on Secured Transactions, and as ofJanuary 2, 2009, its centralized registry for security interests in moveable property went into effect. 7 In 2008-09, a number of countries also implemented earlier legislation on secured transactions.In China, on October 8, 2009, a centralized receivables registry managed by the Credit Reference Center of the People's Bank of China went online, implementing provisions of the 2007 Property Rights Law regarding security in moveable property which became effective October 1, 2007.Among many other changes, the Property Rights Law expanded the range of permissible collateral to include accounts receivable. 8 Similarly, in Cambodia, a law enacted in 2007 modernizing the legal regime for secured transactions was implemented in 2008 by putting a centralized registry into effect. 9In the European Union, efforts to establish a Common Frame of Reference regarding contract law, including secured transactions in moveable property as envisioned in the European Commission's 2003 Action Plan on the harmonization of contract law, faltered in 2008-09.10It also appears unlikely that the European Union and its member states will sign the proposed U.N. Convention on the Assignment of Receivables in International Trade, though the United States and Canada may do so.The European Union's objections have centered on the choice of law provisions, particularly on application of "autonomous" conflict of laws rules set forth in the Convention rather than the conflict of laws rules of individual states in resolving disputes regarding the assignment of accounts receivable.'
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it