Distribution of Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) Vaccine in Victoria 2013-2015
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has an important role mitigating tuberculosis (TB) disease in high risk children. In Victoria, immunisation services at the Royal Children's Hospital (RCH) and Monash Health (MH) have been funded as the major providers of BCG vaccine since 2013. METHODS: In this article, we performed retrospective analysis of patients who attended RCH and MH for BCG between 1st November 2013- 30th November 2015. This was compared with local birth data in order to portray the distribution of BCG vaccine across various cohorts. OUTCOMES: A total of 3,975 patients received BCG vaccine (1,775 at Monash, 2,200 from RCH). Detailed data is only available on 830 RCH patients. The median age of the study population was 6.9 months (IQR 3.9-11.3). The majority of children (98.9%, 2,575/2,604) received BCG vaccine prior to overseas travel. Of these, 96.0% (2,474/2,575) were travelling to countries in Asia. Only 13/2,604 (0.5%) were given BCG vaccine prior to travel to a country with low incidence of TB. Most infants were of Asian descent (93.3% mothers [2,425/2,604], 90.4% [2,346/2,604] fathers). A much smaller proportion was African (1.4% mothers [35/2,604], 1.5% [39/2,604] fathers). This contrasts with 2012 Victorian birth data, which showed that 82.2% (7,508/ 9,134) babies born to mothers from high TB prevalence countries were of Asian descent, whereas 8.9% (816/ 9,134) were of African descent. These results highlight scope to improve awareness and equity of BCG vaccine service, particularly to infants of African background.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".