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Record W3022616533 · doi:10.1080/21504857.2020.1757477

Busting Loose: Ms. Marvel and post-rape trauma in X-Men comics

2020· article· en· W3022616533 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Graphic Novels & Comics · 2020
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldArts and Humanities
TopicComics and Graphic Narratives
Canadian institutionsSt. Jerome's University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsNarrativePornographyUncannyPsycheComicsCharacter (mathematics)LiteratureArtPsychoanalysisPsychology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The conspicuous absence of trauma in superhero narratives is an established trope. In Avengers #200, the character Carol Danvers (aka Ms. Marvel) was subjected to a sexual assault that was characterised as non-violent, non-traumatic and even as an act of love. Chris Claremont, who had written the Carol Danvers character years prior, objected to this treatment of the character and recontextualized Carol’s assault as rape in Avengers Annual #10. A large part of this recontextualization involved the portrayal of long-term psychological trauma in Carol’s life. This symbolic thread carries into Uncanny X-men #236, titled ‘Busting Loose’ (also by Claremont), where the superheroine Rogue temporarily loses her superpowers and is then subjected to an off-panel sexual assault. Her response is to turn her consciousness over to Ms. Marvel (whose psyche now shares Rogue’s body). The story that unfolds from there draws upon the historical symbolism of Ms. Marvel and advances the recontextualization of Carol Danvers by portraying a post-traumatic dissociation followed by a reclamation of power and agency through community and disclosure, allowing the Carol character to redress, to some degree, the problematic historical excision of trauma from superhero narratives that deal with sexual violence.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.636
Threshold uncertainty score0.787

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.036
GPT teacher head0.224
Teacher spread0.188 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it