A Broadband High-Efficiency Continuous Class-AB Power Amplifier for Millimeter-Wave 5G and SATCOM Phased-Array Transmitters
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A broadband and compact harmonic-tuned power amplifier (PA) is presented for 5G and mobile satellite communication (SATCOM). A noninverting 1:1 transformer is the core of the output matching and provides an embedded second harmonic trap in a compact layout. The proposed PA is fabricated by the BiCMOS SiGe-8XP technology. At P1dB, an output power of 11 dBm and a collector efficiency of more than 30% from 30 to 39 GHz are achieved. The PA has a single-ended topology with electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection, which is well suited for deployment in the output stage of the multichannel beamformer transmitter (TX) monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMICs). Detailed analysis, design methodology, and experimental results are presented.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".