Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper describes the technical development of the emerging ASCE standard for permeable interlocking concrete pavement or PICP. The draft standard notes key design elements which include high strength, impermeable concrete units for the surface that meet American Society for Testing Materials or Canadian Standards Association standards. When installed, the joints between units are filled with permeable aggregate. The units are placed over an open-graded aggregate bedding course which rests on an open-graded aggregate base and subbase for water storage and structural support. While common to all permeable pavements, the document provides a design flow chart for structural and hydrologic design and outlines three commonly used infiltration approaches determined by site and subgrade conditions, as well as designs for sloped subgrades. The draft standard addresses structural design for supporting traffic by modifying conventional flexible pavement design methodology from the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. The draft standard considers many design variables and how to address them. It resolves a key design consideration common to all permeable pavements; the dichotomy between not compacting the soil subgrade for infiltration and compacting for enhanced structural support especially in saturated conditions. Besides guide construction specifications, construction and maintenance guidelines are provided via checklists. A key tool for assessing surface infiltration and subsequent vacuum cleaning is adoption of an ASTM surface infiltration test for pervious concrete which has been successfully used for porous asphalt and PICP.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.012 | 0.015 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".