From Baló’s concentric sclerosis to multiple sclerosis: a series of 6 patients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Baló's concentric sclerosis (BCS) is a rare CNS disorder characterized by alternating bands of demyelination on MRI. One of the main issues is its relationship with multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVES: To describe 6 BCS patients. To review the risk of developing MS in BCS patients. METHODS: We retrospectively recorded clinical and radiological findings of 6 BCS patients and performed a review of the literature. RESULTS: Six patients (5 women) with a mean age of 25 years old were included. Main symptoms were hemiparesis/hemihypoesthesia. On MRI, two patients had a single BCS lesion and four had additional MS-like lesions. Alternating bands were usually more visible on DWI. A patient had reduced central perfusion and SWI hypointensity suggestive of a central vein. Oligoclonal bands were identified in 5/6 patients. After 7 years of follow-up, all patients achieved MS criteria with mild disability (mean EDSS 1.75; 0-4). Our literature review included 65 BCS patients from 30 studies: although CSF oligoclonal bands and the presence of additional MS lesions were associated with subsequent relapses, this was not significant. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Our series allows a detailed MRI description in BCS and gives a new insight into BCS evolution and its strong relationship with MS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".