Turbulent displacement flow of viscoplastic fluids in eccentric annulus: Experiments
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We study displacement flows in strongly eccentric annuli, where the in situ fluid is viscoplastic and the displacing fluid is Newtonian. This mimics the situation found in the cementing of horizontal oil and gas wells. In this configuration, it is common that the yield stress of the displaced fluid prevents displacement from the narrow side of the annulus, where it remains static. We address the question of whether a turbulent flow of the displacing fluid will be effective in removing the static narrow side channel and by what means. The flows proceed with rapid displacement along the wide side of the annulus, leaving behind a gelled channel of fluid on the narrow side. The narrow side is displaced either slowly or not at all. This depends on both the yield stress of the displaced fluid and the turbulence characteristics of the displacing fluid. We influence the latter through the use of drag-reducing polymers. We show that secondary flows in the turbulent displacing fluid are essential to the displacement and also the increased pressure drops in the turbulent flow. We hypothesize that the displacement is enhanced by the transmission of normal stresses into the gelled layer.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".