The Role of So-Called English Medium Schools in Teaching of English in Karachi, Pakistan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this research study was to investigate the role of so-called English Medium schools in the teaching of English. In Pakistan, English is considered a gateway to success, a person having command on the language is offered a job while the other one having command on the subject matter is rejected, therefore it is a common trend in Pakistan that people belonging to all walks of life prefer to send their children to privately managed English medium schools. To measure the role schools in teaching English, both quantitative and qualitative approaches were adopted, and by using a purposive random sampling procedure one hundred and twenty heads of so-called English medium schools were selected. A questionnaire having close-ended and open-ended items were used to getting the opinions of schools’ heads regarding the role of school in teaching English. The quantitative responses were analyzed using SPSS while qualitative responses were sorted, labeled, and quantified. The data analysis reveals that privately managed schools are so-called English medium schools. They have neither qualified staff nor facilities which are required for the teaching of English.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".