Investigation of Borohydride/Peroxide Desalination Cell in a Batch Regime
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Road salt has an environmental impact on the environment. According to one road salt monitoring organization, The Salt Institute, it is estimated that in North America alone, 6 million tonnes is dispersed annually. It has caused a negative influence on biotic life forms in freshwaters as well as the deterioration of infrastructure such as bridges and buildings through increased steel corrosion. In this work, a batch lab-scale electrochemical desalination cell (EDC) was studied to reduce the salt through utilizing the energy from NaBH 4 /H 2 O 2 redox reaction. This 3-compartment borohydride/NaCl/peroxide cell was effective in desalinating different road salts: NaCl, CaCl 2, MgCl 2 and KCl. Combinations of different anion exchange membranes (AMI-7001; FAB-PPS-130) with different cation exchange membranes (CMI-7000; Nafion ® 115; Nafion ® 117) were studied. There were differences in desalination rate with varying pairings of membranes. Over 5 hours, the conductivity of a solution in batch regime has decreased by over 42%. The EDC’s maximum current and power densities were 5.32 A/m 2 and 2.75 W/m 2 , respectively. These results have demonstrated the successful operation of an EDC using NaBH 4 and H 2 O 2 in batch regime.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".