Australian palaeoclimate, palaeohydrology, and archaeology of the Mid-Holocene: Trends in the human settlement of Australia’s arid interior
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Archaeological evidence suggests that the interior of the Australian continent was first occupied during the Mid-Holocene. It is agreed that the general climate of Australia during this time was warmer and wetter, but the absence of reliable palaeoclimatic proxies in the arid interior makes precise localized reconstructions difficult. In addition, the main determinants of the patterns of human settlement of the interior is not well known. This study presents a thorough review of palaeoenvironmental proxy data and archaeological data of Mid-Holocene Australia coupled with hydrological and palaeoclimatological modeling approaches to determine what most strongly influenced the patterns of human occupation of the interior. This paper is the first to employ a reconstructive groundwater table depth model to determine if permanent and accessible subsurface water influenced the locations of human settlement. Results show that most of the Australian continent experienced wetter conditions during the Mid-Holocene which corresponds with an enhanced Northern Australian Monsoon. This study determines that groundwater table depth and elevation were the predominant determinants of human settlement patterns of the Australian interior.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".