Geochronology of the Iberian Pyrite Belt and the Sierra Norte Batholith: lower plate magmatism during supercontinent amalgamation?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Protracted magmatism has long been recognized in the exotic South Portuguese Zone of southern Iberia where Early–Late Devonian volcano-sedimentary successions potentially record processes associated with ocean closure and continental collision associated with the formation of Pangaea. Collectively, these rocks represent a bimodal, predominantly submarine volcanic succession with massive sulfides spatially associated with basalts and rhyolites. Volcanic rocks are intruded by the voluminous Sierra Norte Batholith. Although the region hosts some of the world's largest ore deposits, the temporal and genetic relationships between the Iberian Pyrite Belt, the Sierra Norte Batholith and the evolution of the Variscan Orogen remain enigmatic. In an attempt to better understand these complexities, field investigations and targeted geochronology were completed throughout the volcanic and sedimentary rocks of the Iberian Pyrite Belt, and the plutonic rocks of the proximal Sierra Norte Batholith. Our results suggest that the emplacement of the pyrite belt was both pre- and syncollisional, and was initiated primarily by lithospheric delamination related to tectonic escape and crustal thinning of the lower plate. In this scenario, protracted magmatism occurred in both subaerial and subaqueous settings from c. 370 to 338 Ma.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".