The effect of cognitive behavior therapy on functional connectivity of subgenual anterior cingulated cortex in first-episode treatment-naïve mild to moderate patients with major depressive disorder
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To explore the neurobiological mechanism of cognitive behavior therapy(CBT)by detecting alterations of resting state functional connectivitiy of subgenual anterior cingulate cortex(sgACC)of CBT for first episode patients with mild to moderate depression. Methods Resting state fMRI data were collected from 18 first-episode treatment naive patients who suffered from major depressive disorder from mild to moderate degree and 20 matched healthy control subjects. Afterward, depressed patients were scanned again after 6 weeks CBT. Functional connectivity maps from the sgACC were computed for each subject by DPARSF and REST software. The difference of functional connectivity of sgACC was explored. Results Before treatment, compared with health controls, depressed patients have significantly decreased(all P<0.05)sgACC connectivity to the left superior frontal gyrus(t=-5.50),left middle frontal gyrus(t=- 3.78)and left angular gyrus(t=- 3.38). After treatment, compared with health controls, depressed patients have significantly increased(both P<0.05)sgACC connectivity to right inferior frontal gyrus(Montreal Neurological Institute coordinate: x=42, y=33, z=6; t=3.61)and right cerebellum(Montreal Neurological Institute coordinate: x=36, y=- 42,z=- 48; t=4.08), and decreased sgACC connectivity to right superior frontal gyrus(t=-4.02), left superior frontal gyrus(t=-3.67), left medial frontal gyrus(t=-4.38), right precuneus(t=- 4.59)and left angular gurus(t=- 4.71, all P<0.05). From pre-to post-treatment, patients exhibited increased sgACC connectivity with left inferior frontal gyrus(t=4.11), right inferior frontal gyrus(t= 4.66),left middle temporal gyrus(t=4.76), right middle temporal gyrus(t=4.43),left inferior temporal gyrus(t= 5.33), right supramarginal gyrus(t=5.51), left precentral cortex(t=4.68)and right cerebellum(t=3.88, all P< 0.05). Conclusion The early stage of CBT may modulate functional connectivity between sgACC and inferior frontal gyrus and some nodes of default mode network, which result in enhancing response inhibition and reducing self-referential process and rumination of depressed patients. Key words: Cognitive therapy; Depressive disorder; Magnetic resonance imaging; Subgenual anterior cingulate cortex; Default mode network
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".