Hypertrophied reversed palmaris longus muscle (pseudotumor) of the forearm causing median nerve compression: a case report
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The palmaris longus muscle is considered one of the most anatomically variable muscles in the human body. Localized swelling of the forearm due to hypertrophy of the palmaris longus muscle is rare. CASE PRESENTATION: Here, we report a rare case of a 24-year-old Arab man who presented with a painful mass on his forearm with symptoms of median nerve compression. A full radiological assessment was performed, and he was treated conservatively. CONCLUSION: This case confirmed that a hypertrophied palmaris longus muscle can be the cause of swelling on the forearm and should always be considered in the differential diagnosis. With this report, we aimed to increase awareness regarding the unusual variations of palmaris longus muscle and the importance of using radiological investigations to establish a diagnosis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".