Wake topology and dynamics over a slender body at a high incidence and their relation to structural loading
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The flow over a slender cylindrical body with a hemisphere end was studied experimentally using a combination of force balance and time-resolved particle image velocity measurements. The investigation was performed at a subcritical Reynolds number (Re = 11 000) over a range of high incidence angles from 30° to 90°. The results show that significant cross-flow loading occurs for a range of incidence angles from 50° to 70°, with maximum mean and fluctuating loads taking place at 60°. Within this range of incidence angles, the loading has a bimodal nature, with intermittent switching between two states associated with the positive and negative cross-flow loading direction. The analysis of simultaneous force and wake measurements reveals that the two loading regimes are produced by two distinct wake topologies defined by strongly asymmetric vortex dynamics near the tip of the model. The results provide insight into salient features of the wake development and vortex dynamics and show that transient changes in the cross-flow force direction progress through a consistent change in the wake structure between two bounding quasi-steady states.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".