Mode of Presentation of Laryngeal Cancer: A Single Radiotherapy Institute Experience in Iraq.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: Laryngeal cancer is relatively common and usually presents with hoarseness due to a lesion in the glottis. We noticed that many of our patients had presented with supraglottic lesions and we could not find local literature in support of this observation. Mode of presentation and site of the lesion of these patients will be addressed in this review. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study for laryngeal cancer patients who received radiotherapy at a tertiary radiotherapy center in Iraq, from January 2010 to December 2015, and who are residents in the Sulaimani governorate. RESULTS: In 6 years, laryngeal cancer patients from Sulaimani were 83 (out of 123 in total), which constituted the most common, 40.8%, head and neck cancers. 86.7% were males and the median age was 68.3 year. Most common presentation was hoarseness, 79.5%, and the least was dysphagia and stridor, 28.9%. Pain and neck swelling were found in 51.8%, 34.9%, respectively. Site of the cancer lesions were in supraglottis in 53%, glottis in 32.5%, transglottis in 8.4%, and subglottis in 6%. Commonest stage was IVA in 54.2% while the least was IVB 2.4%. Squamous cell carcinoma was the pathological type in all of our patients. CONCLUSION: Laryngeal cancer is the most common head and neck cancer in our institutional registry. While all the pathologies were of squamous cell carcinoma, hoarseness was the most common presentation and supraglottis was the most common site of involvement.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".