Corporate Social Responsibility in the Aviation Industry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is rooted in the idea that corporations must focus on issues beyond the balance sheet. For instance, CSR has had an impact in reducing child labor in developing countries, making extractive industries more responsible to local communities, and reducing the environmental impact of hotels. It is also applicable to the airline industry where it has promoted various types of positive behavior. In a world increasingly concerned with climate change and that sees as problematic the airline industry release of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at high altitude, regulators are about to set emissions reduction targets for the airline industry. Given that fuel is the single greatest cost for airlines, and that any reduction in fuel consumed involves a consequential reduction in GHGs emitted, the airline industry is generally eager to reduce GHG emissions. However, several emerging CSR best practices in civil aviation have incentivized the industry to become more environmentally friendly in recent years. In this context, this chapter argues that CSR should encourage airlines to go beyond mere self-interest or regulatory compliance in leading the way to meeting increasingly ambitious GHG reduction targets.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".