Polyethylene glycol mediated synthesis of iron vanadate (FeVO<sub>4</sub>) nanoparticles with supercapacitive features
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Binary transition metal oxides, such as iron vanadate (FeVO 4 ), possess unleashed potential to be the best electrode material for supercapacitor, owing to their high capacitance, stability and conductivity. This present work reports investigations on the influence of a surfactant, polyethylene glycol (PEG 4000), on the structure, morphology and electrochemical behaviour of FeVO 4 nanoparticles. The P4-FeVO 4 exhibited specific capacitance of 428.0 Fg −1 at a current density of 2.0 Ag −1 , and arguably better performance and cyclic stability than FeVO 4 synthesised without PEG 4000. Thus, PEG 4000 significantly influenced the morphological and electrochemical performance of the FeVO 4 . Furthermore, the assembled P4-FeVO 4 based symmetric capacitor device had a specific capacitance of 101.0 Fg −1 with an energy density of 14.1 Whkg −1 . This improved electrochemical performance of the P4-FeVO 4 based devices is attributed to the physicochemical properties of P4-FeVO 4 nanoparticles, mediated by the PEG 4000.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it