Alternative Theoretical Perspectives on the Political Economy of International Environmental Policy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In seeking to explain international behavior with regards to forging international environmental agreements, it is common to assume that countries act like unitary actors. While assuming that states act much like unitary actors certainly facilitates theoretical tractability, it involves forsaking analysis of the domestic determinants of international behavior. Clearly, the international political economy of international environmental agreements has its roots in the very real, and quite often pivotal, domestic political forces behind countries international negotiating positions. In this paper, we canvass the alternative theoretical perspectives within the political science and economics literatures that may enable us to more clearly connect (and thus explain) the domestic determinants of international behavior. We compare and contrast various perspectives for understanding the political economy of international public good provision involving the protection of the environment, illustrating various points through reference to the Montreal Protocol to preserve the ozone layer. The paper charts recent theoretical developments in the literature as well as directions for future research.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.015 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.010 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.015 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".