Integration of viscoplastic effects in a one-dimensional constitutive model for ground response analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
During an earthquake, strain-rate effects affect both the stiffness and damping behaviour of soils, yet existing constitutive models for ground response analysis are typically formulated within a rate-independent framework. In this paper, a one-dimensional (1D) viscoplastic stress–strain model is presented to introduce strain rate effects in ground response analysis. Its constitutive equations are based on a model that uses a cubic spline fit of the modulus reduction curve and a coordinate transformation technique to match any input modulus reduction and damping curve. A viscous stress component is added to model the effect of strain rate on the mechanical behaviour of soils using a single input parameter. The model is able to reproduce the linear increase in shear strength with the logarithm of shear strain rate and allows the introduction of viscous effects in 1D ground response analysis with control over damping and modulus reduction behaviour. The model is implemented in a software for ground response analysis and used to predict the results of a centrifuge test modeling 1D wave propagation. The results show that the model accurately predicts the amplification and attenuation of shear waves, in a context where strain rates impact the response of the model significantly.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".