Black hole collapse and bounce in effective loop quantum gravity
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We derive effective equations with loop quantum gravity corrections for the Lemaître–Tolman–Bondi family of space-times, and use these to study quantum gravity effects in the Oppenheimer–Snyder collapse model. For this model, after the formation of a black hole with an apparent horizon, quantum gravity effects become important in the space-time region where the energy density and space-time curvature scalars become comparable to the Planck scale. These quantum gravity effects first stop the collapse of the dust matter field when its energy density reaches the Planck scale, and then cause the dust field to begin slowly expanding. Due to this continued expansion, the matter field will eventually extend beyond the apparent horizon, at which point the horizon disappears and there is no longer a black hole. There are no singularities anywhere in this space-time. In addition, in the limit that edge effects are neglected, we show that the dynamics for the interior of the star of uniform energy density follow the loop quantum cosmology effective Friedman equation for the spatially flat Friedman–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker space-time. Finally, we estimate the lifetime of the black hole, as measured by a distant observer, to be ∼( GM ) 2 / ℓ Pl .
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it